水稻—金背鲤共生模式与技术

Symbiotic Model and Technology of Rice and Golden Backed Carp Co-culture System

在保障水、土资源有效利用的同时,保障粮食安全是当今农业发展面临的重大挑战。稻田养鱼作为高效的农业生产系统,可实现一田多收,一水多用,在更大程度上发挥稻田生态系统的功能。介绍了水稻—金背鲤共生模式的背景,从选田、水稻种植及养鱼技术等方面进行了归纳。水稻—金背鲤共生模式可培肥土壤、减少温室气体排放、涵养水源、减少化肥农药的使用,提高水稻及金背鲤的品质,具有明显的社会、经济及生态效益。据统计,该模式的经济产值均高于1万元/hm^(2)。

While ensuring the effective utilization of water and soil resources, safeguarding food security is a major challenge facing today’s agricultural development. As an efficient agricultural production system, paddy fish farming can achieve more harvest in the same field and the same water in the same field, and play a greater role in the service function of paddy ecosystem. In this paper, the background, problems and countermeasures of the rice and golden back carp co-culture system model were introduced, and the fields were selected, rice planting and fish farming techniques are summered. The symbiotic model of golden-backed carp can enrich soil, reduce greenhouse gas emission, conserve water, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and improve the quality of rice and golden-backed carp, with obvious social, economic and ecological benefits. According to statistics, the economic output value of this model was higher than 10 000 yuan/hm^(2).