经皮穴位电刺激预防全身麻醉术后恶心呕吐效果的Meta分析

Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on prevention of nausea and vomiting after general anesthesia:a Meta-analysis

目的:系统评价经皮穴位电刺激预防全身麻醉术后恶心呕吐的临床效果。方法:计算机检索the Cochrane Library、EMbase、Web of Science、PubMed、中国知网(CNKI)、维普数据库(VIP)、万方数据库(WanFang Database)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)中与经皮穴位电刺激对全身麻醉术后恶心呕吐有关的随机对照试验,检索时间为各数据库建库至2022年2月24日,依据纳入和排除标准筛选文献,提取数据和质量评价,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入14项研究,涉及1351例病人。Meta分析结果显示,经皮穴位电刺激能降低术后24 h内恶心呕吐发生率[RR=0.41,95%CI(0.35,0.48),P<0.00001],减少术后止吐药的需求率[RR=0.48,95%CI(0.31,0.74),P=0.0009],降低术后不良反应发生率[RR=0.47,95%CI(0.32,0.68),P<0.00001]。结论:现有证据表明,经皮穴位电刺激能降低术后24 h内恶心呕吐发生率和术后不良反应发生率,减少术后止吐药的需求率。

Objective:To systematically evaluate the clinical effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on prevention of nausea and vomiting after general anesthesia.Methods:Randomized controlled trials related to nausea and vomiting after general anesthesia using transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation were retrieved from the Cochrane Library,EMbase,Web of Science,PubMed,CNKI,VIP,WanFang Database and CBM.The retrieval time was from the establishment of each database to February 24,2022.The literature was screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted data and evaluated for quality.RevMan 5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis.Results:A total of 14 studies involving 1351 patients were included.Meta-analysis results showed that transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation could reduce the incidence of nausea and vomiting within 24 h after surgery[RR=0.41,95%CI(0.35,0.48),P<0.00001],reduce the demand rate of postoperative antiemetics[RR=0.48,95%CI(0.31,0.74),P=0.0009],and reduce the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions[RR=0.47,95%CI(0.32,0.68),P<0.00001].Conclusions:Existing evidence indicates that transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation can reduce the incidence of nausea and vomiting within 24 h after surgery and the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions,and reduce the demand rate of postoperative antiemetics.