铁路隧道衬砌品质提升信息化施工关键技术与成套装备创新

Innovative Key Technologies and Complete Sets of Equipment for Informatized Construction of Railway Tunnel Lining for Quality Improvement

为提升铁路隧道拱墙衬砌、底部衬砌、水沟电缆槽衬砌结构实体品质,解决隧道整体衬砌质量缺陷难题,采用拱墙衬砌智能化模筑、底部衬砌一体化浇筑、水沟电缆槽同步一次性浇筑施工技术,结合混凝土自动喷雾养护施工工艺,有效减少或消除衬砌空洞、裂缝、不密实、渗漏水、止水带偏位、施工缝压溃、开裂掉块等质量缺陷问题;通过成套装备研发,创新施工缝质量控制技术、拱顶浇筑饱满度控制技术、拱墙衬砌预防空洞施工技术、仰拱与边模一体化施工技术、水沟电缆槽机械化施工技术、喷雾养护温度及湿度自动化控制技术,提高铁路隧道衬砌混凝土浇筑、振捣、养护等工序施工工艺质量及施工标准,辅以信息化手段和自动监测技术,达到衬砌全过程质量可控。结果表明:该施工技术与成套装备创新一定程度上可实现衬砌施工自动化、信息化和智能化,极大地提高衬砌施工技术水平,降低工人劳动强度,有效减少衬砌质量缺陷,提升衬砌施工品质,确保隧道衬砌满足设计及运营安全要求。

Construction techniques such as the intelligent molding of arch wall lining,integrated pouring of bottom lining,and synchronous one-time pouring of ditch cable trough are used to improve the structural entity quality of railway tunnels′arch wall lining,bottom lining,and ditch cable trough lining and solve the defect problem of tunnel integral lining quality.Quality defects such as lining cavities,cracks,compactness,water leakage,water stop deviation,construction joint crushing,cracking,and chipping can be effectively avoided with the help of concrete automatic spray maintenance construction technology.Based on the research and development of complete sets of equipment,a series of construction techniques such as innovative construction joint quality control,arch pouring plumpness control,arch wall lining cavity prevention,inverted arch and side formwork integration,ditch cable trough mechanization,and spray curing are used,which improves construction technology and standards of railway tunnel lining concrete pouring,vibration,maintenance,etc.,realizing controllable lining quality based on information technology and automatic monitoring technology.The results show that construction techniques and equipment innovations can achieve automatic,informatized,and intelligentized lining construction to a certain extent,greatly improve the technical level of lining construction,reduce labor intensity and lining quality defects,and improve lining construction quality while ensuring operator safety.