从就业化到适应性:高职学生职业能力培养的转变

From Employment to Adaptability:the Transformation of Vocational Ability Training of Higher Vocational Students

要增强职业教育的适应性,就必须改变过度乃至单纯“以就业为导向”“与企业零距离对接”等看似抓住了职业教育的本质、实际偏离职业教育应然观照的实用主义和工具主义教育观。明确高职学生职业能力适应性人才培养的核心是人,是基于人文性和发展性的,涵盖职业道德、就业观念、职业理论、职业技能、迁移拓展等全面和长远发展的需要,其实质不仅仅是技能教育,更是体现了素质教育的要求。使高职人才培养模式从单一服务就业的目标、理念、制度和政策中,转向通过培养高职学生职业能力适应性来提高学生的快就业、稳就业、有持续竞争力的高质量就业。

To enhance the adaptability of vocational education,the pragmatism and instrumentalism education views must be changed which seem to grasp the essence of vocational education but actually deviate from what vocational education should be,such as excessive or even simple“employment oriented”and“zero distance connection with enterprises”.It is clear that the core of vocational adaptability training of higher vocational students is person,which is based on humanism and development,covering the needs of comprehensive and long-term development such as professional ethics,employment concept,professional theories,professional skills,migration and expansion.Its essence is not only skill education,but also reflects the requirements of quality education.The talent training mode of vocational college students should change from serving employment purpose alone to improving students stable and high-quality employment with sustainable competitiveness by cultivating the their vocational adaptability.