山西省植被净初级生产力时空变化特征及影响因素

Characteristics Temporal and Spatial Change and Impact Factors of Net Primary Productivity of Vegetation in Shanxi Province

通过模拟估算不同时期植被净初级生产力(NPP),可以有效评估区域生态环境质量和碳汇的变化状况。研究利用2000—2019年时序的遥感数据,基于光能利用率模型(CASA),对山西省全域不同年份、不同土地利用类型植被NPP进行了估算和比对,分析了山西省全域植被NPP的时空变化特征以及影响NPP变化的主要因素。结果表明,2000—2019年山西省全域植被NPP整体呈先快后慢的上升趋势,年均增长3.99 g/(m^(2)·a),多年平均值为273.67 g/(m^(2)·a);植被NPP增加的区域占山西省全域面积的87.66%,主要分布于吕梁山脉以西、吕梁山脉和晋北一带;植被NPP降低的区域占山西省全域面积的12.34%,主要分布于太原盆地和长治盆地局部地区以及南部王屋山与中条山交界处。2000—2019年山西省不同土地利用类型年均植被NPP差异较大,由高到低排列分别是林地(315.14 g/(m^(2)·a))>草地(281.94 g/(m^(2)·a))>耕地(264.52 g/(m^(2)·a))>水域用地(110.59 g/(m^(2)·a))>其他用地(101.88 g/(m^(2)·a))>建设用地(75.39 g/(m^(2)·a))。不同土地利用类型植被NPP均呈增长趋势,其中草地NPP增长率最高,为5.11 g/(m^(2)·a);建设用地NPP增长率最低,为0.57 g/(m^(2)·a)。按照不同地类植被NPP增长贡献率由高到低排列分别是耕地(40.24%)>草地(36.20%)>林地(22.32%)>建设用地(0.83%)>水域用地(0.35%)>其他用地(0.06%)。降水与气温是影响研究区内植被NPP变化的重要因素。

By simulating and estimating vegetation NPP in different periods,the change of regional eco-environmental quality and carbon sink can be effectively evaluated.In this study,using the remote sensing data of the time series from 2000 to2019 and based on the light energy utilization model(CASA),the vegetation NPP of different years and different land use types in Shanxi province were estimated and compared,the temporal and spatial change characteristics of vegetation NPP of the total area of Shanxi province and the main factors affecting the change of NPP were analyzed.The results showed that,from 2000 to2019,the NPP of vegetation of the total area of Shanxi province showed an upward trend from fast to slow,with an average annual growth of 3.99 g/(m^(2)·a)and a multi-year average of 273.67 g/(m^(2)·a);The area where vegetation NPP increased accounted for 87.66%of the total area of Shanxi province,which was mainly distributed in the west of Lüliang mountains,Lüliang mountains and Northern Shanxi;The area with reduced vegetation NPP accounted for 12.34%of the total area of Shanxi province,which was mainly distributed in Taiyuan basin and some areas of Changzhi basin,as well as the junction of Wangwu mountain and Zhongtiao mountain.From 2000 to 2019,the average annual vegetation NPP of different land use types in Shanxi province varied greatly.From high to low,they were forest land(315.14 g/(m^(2)·a))>grassland(281.94 g/(m^(2)·a))>cultivated land(264.52 g/(m^(2)·a))>water area land(110.59 g/(m^(2)·a))>other land(101.88 g/(m^(2)·a))>construction land(75.39 g/(m^(2)·a)),respectively.Vegetation NPP of different land use types showed an increasing trend,among them,the growth rate of grassland NPP was the highest,which was 5.11 g/(m^(2)·a),while the growth rate of construction land NPP was the lowest,which was0.57 g/(m^(2)·a).According to different land types,the order of the contribution rates of growth of vegetation NPP from high to low was cultivated land(40.24%)>grassland(36.20%)>forest land(22.32%)>construction land(0.83%)>water area land(0.35%)>other land(0.06%).Precipitation and temperature were the important factors affecting the change of vegetation NPP in areas studied.