吹脱法耦合微藻培养净化高氨废水体系的优化及应用

Optimization and Application of High Ammonia Wastewater Purification System by Coupled Microalgae Culture and Blowing Off Strategy

为了净化高氨废水及资源化再利用,首先利用吹脱法系统优化了高氨氮(800 mg/L)废水的pH和温度等条件,并用吹脱处理后的人工废水培养小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris),获得微藻生物质,最后应用于小油菜(Brassica campestris L.)、生菜(Lactuca sativa var.ramosa Hort.)的种子萌发试验,以评估微藻生物质对植物的促生、抗逆及营养功效。结果表明,在pH值为12和温度为80℃时,高氨氮废水吹脱效果最佳,氨氮吹脱率达95.5%,且用时较短;在40 min反应时间后,氨氮含量达到最低(50 mg/L)。吹脱去除氨氮后的废水溶液用于微藻培养,小球藻生长情况良好,干质量达到0.7535 g/L,与正常BG11培养获得的干质量(0.8590 g/L)无显著差异,说明吹脱法有效解除了高氨废水(氨氮含量>400 mg/L)对微藻生长的抑制作用。与吹脱前高氨废水相比,吹脱处理后废水可显著提高植物种子发芽率和发芽势,基于吹脱处理后废水培养的微藻对植物的促生、抗逆及营养功效更佳。

In order to purify high ammonia wastewater and recycle resources,in this paper,the conditions of pH and temperature high ammonia nitrogen(800 mg/L)wastewater were systematically optimized by using blowing off method.Chlorella vulgaris was cultivated with the artificial wastewater after blowing off treatment to obtain microalgal biomass,effects of growth promotion,stress resistance,and nutrition of microalgal biomass on plants were evaluated through the seed germination experiments of Brassica campestris L.and Lactuca sativa var.ramosa Hort in which microalgal biomass was utilized.The results showed that pH=12 and 80℃were the best conditions for the best blowing off effect of high ammonia nitrogen wastewater,the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen reached 95.5%,and spent time was relatively short.The content of ammonia nitrogen decreased to the lowest level(50 mg/L),after 40 min of reaction.Using wastewater after blowing off treatment to remove ammonia nitrogen in microalgal culture,growth of Ch.vulgarist was excellent and the dry weight reached to 0.7535 g/L,which was not significantly different from that of normal BG11 culture(0.8590 g/L),indicating that blowing off effectively removed inhibition of high ammonia wastewater(ammonia nitrogen content>400 mg/L)to growth of microalgae.Moreover,compared with untreated high ammonia wastewater,the germination rate and germination potential of plant seeds significantly increased by using wastewater after blowing off treatment,which explained that the microalgae cultured on the basis of blowing off wastewater had better growth promotion,stress resistance and nutrition effects on plants.