3种鲜食与完熟谷物营养成分及抗氧化活性比较

The comparison of nutrients and antioxidant activity of three fresh grains and full ripeness grains

分别测定小麦、玉米、青豆3种谷物鲜食和完熟期的基本营养成分、生物活性物质含量以及抗氧化能力,并对活性物质含量与抗氧化能力进行相关性分析。结果表明:鲜食谷物中粗蛋白、膳食纤维、总酚、总黄酮、植酸、类胡萝卜素含量高于完熟谷物,总糖、淀粉、维生素B_(1)、维生素B_(2)、维生素E及5种矿物质元素的含量低于完熟谷物;在抗氧化活性方面,3种鲜食谷物的DPPH·、O_(2)^(-)·及ABTS^(+)·清除率均高于完熟谷物,而鲜食谷物的·OH清除率低于完熟谷物;通过相关性分析可知,DPPH·与O_(2)^(-)·清除率与总黄酮含量相关性较强,·OH清除率与类胡萝卜素含量相关性较强,ABTS^(+)·清除率与总酚含量相关性较强,均呈正相关。

The contents of basic nutrients,bioactive substances and antioxidant capacity of wheat,corn and green bean in fresh and full ripeness stage were determined,and the correlation between the content of bioactive substances and antioxidant capacity was analyzed.The results showed that the contents of crude protein,dietary fiber,total phenols,total flavonoids,phytic acid and carotenoids in fresh grains were higher than those in full ripeness grains,and the contents of total sugar,starch,vitamin B_(1),vitamin B_(2),vitamin E and five mineral elements were lower than those in full ripeness grains.In terms of antioxidant activity,the scavenging rates of DPPH·、O_(2)^(-)·and ABTS^(+)·of the three fresh grains were higher than those of full ripeness grains,while the·OH scavenging rate of fresh grains was lower than that of full ripeness grains.The correlation analysis showed that DPPH·and O_(2)^(-)·clearance had a strong correlation with the content of total flavonoids,·OH clearance had a strong correlation with the content of carotenoids,and ABTS^(+)·clearance had a strong correlation with the content of total phenols.