高空抛物罪的刑法教义学反思

A Criminal Law Doctrinal Reflection of Aerially Throwing Objects

2021年《中华人民共和国刑法修正案(十一)》正式公布,将高空抛物行为作为一项新的罪名加以规定。高空抛物入刑后应当接受刑法教义学的检视,构成要件应当做出更符合现实需求的解释,对不合理的解释予以修正。高空抛物的保护法益需要进一步明晰实际损害与行为禁止之间的关系。在“情节严重”的认定上应当进行整体性评价,对行为本身和损害结果都予以考虑,如果只是考虑行为本身的“情节”,那么就不能进行完整的犯罪行为评价。治理社会失范行为应当提倡消极刑法观,保持刑法谦抑品格,使刑法回归传统的严谨,避免进一步犯罪扩大化而导致刑法的“物化”。

In 2021,the Amendment to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China(11th)was officially promulgated,which stipulated the act of aerially throwing objects as a new crime and should be examined by the doctrine of criminal law.The constituent elements should be explained more in line with the actual needs,and the unreasonable explanation should be revised.The protection legal interests of aerially throwing objects need to further clarify the relationship between actual damage and behavior prohibition.In the determination of"serious circumstances",an overall evaluation should be carried out,and both the behavior itself and the damage results should be considered.Governing social anomie behavior should maintain the modest character of criminal law,and avoid further criminalization that leads to the"materialization"of criminal law.