论陶行知的劳动观及其当代启示

TAO Xingzhi's View of Labor and Its Contemporary Enlightenment

陶行知劳动观的形成既受个人出身及家庭教育的影响,也受到了中国传统劳动思想的熏陶和西方实用主义教育思潮的洗礼,饱含着他对时代背景及社会现实的反思。陶行知的劳动观内涵丰富:劳动教育的目的是涵养品性、增进自立,内容是围绕生活、展开教育,方法为教学做合一,场域为家校社合一,期望通过劳动教育培养出能够担当民族复兴大任的时代新人。其劳动观表现出生活性、实践性、融通性三大特点。陶行知在长期实践中形成的劳动观对我国新时代的劳动教育具有重要启示:更新教育理念,重视劳动教育;丰富教育内容,联系现实生活;改进方式方法,注重劳动锻炼;建立合作机制,发挥教育合力。

The formation of TAO Xingzhi's view of labor is not only influenced by his personal background and family education,but also by traditional Chinese labor thinking and the baptism of Western pragmatic educational thinking,which is full of his reflections on the times and social problems.TAO Xingzhi's view of labor is rich in connotations:the purpose of labor education is to enhance self-reliance,the content is that life is labor,the method is the integration of teaching,and the field is the coordination of home,school and community.Labor education cultivates newcomers of the era who can take on the great responsibility of national rejuvenation.His view of labor shows three characteristics of vitality,practicality and compatibility.TAO Xingzhi's view of labor formed in his long-term practice has important implications for labor education in the new era of our country:updating the educational concept and attaching importance to labor education;changing the content of education to connect with real life;improving methods and paying attention to labor experience;and encouragig cooperation among all parties to play the educational synergy.