发展哲学视域下风险问题的复杂性及其治理

The Complexity of the Risk and Its Governance from the View of Development Philosophy

风险问题是现代化进程中不同于物质财富或经济增长但又与之密切相关的新问题。当代社会发展中风险问题的复杂性在于,它既有客观现实性又有社会建构性。风险问题从来源和性质看有人为性,从生成机制和造成的后果看有隐匿性和高危性,从发生的领域看有系统性,从影响的范围看有全球性,从其社会文化意义看有反思性和政治伦理性。应对当代社会发展中的风险问题,需要反思现代性发展理念,增强风险意识,推动风险治理;加强社会发展预警,完善风险治理体系,增进风险治理制度的韧性;重视风险沟通,凝聚价值共识,强化风险治理主体的协同性;坚持实践思维,善于运用矛盾分析方法,提升风险治理方法的自觉性。

Risk is a new problem in the process of modernization which is different from material wealth or economic growth but closely related to them.The complexity of the risk in contemporary social development lies in its objective reality and social construction.The risk is man-made in terms of its source and nature,hidden and high-risk in its generating mechanism and consequences,systematic in the field of its occurrence,global in the scope of its influence,and reflective and ethically political in its social and cultural significance.To enhance the effectiveness of risk governance,we should strengthen the awareness of risk to improve risk governance mechanism,and improve the early warning of social development and the risk management system to make it more resilient.We should also attach importance to risk communication,build value consensus,and strengthen the synergy of risk management subjects.Finally,we should improve the methodological consciousness of risk management by adhering to practical thinking and a good use of contradiction analysis.