西方学者对数字经济时代资本主义劳资关系的研究述评

A Review of Western Scholars’ Research on Capitalist Labor-Capital Relations in the Digital Economy Era

数字经济时代,资本在大数据、云计算等技术的“催化”下产生对劳动剥削的深度遮蔽效果。为充分理解资本主义劳资关系的对抗本质,西方学者基于技术发展视角,揭示资本对劳动“依赖加强”与“控制加深”的趋向;根据自由时间和数字化生产空间的拓展,分析资本剥削的方式变化;在此基础上整体评估资本主义制度演进与技术发展的内在张力,提出“数字共产主义”和“无摩擦资本主义”等矛盾消解思路。西方学者在关注马克思主义的同时尝试不同流派的理论融合,但在马克思主义具体理论的运用上尚存“工具性”指向。后续研究应注重结合马克思主义来分析数字资本主义的发展事实,在合理扬弃西方既有研究的基础上找寻中国特色社会主义劳资关系的理论生长点。

In the era of digital economy,under the "catalysis" of big data,cloud computing and other technologies,capital has a deep shielding effect on labor exploitation.In order to fully understand the confrontational nature of capitalist labor-capital relations,Western scholars,based on the perspective of technological development,reveal the trend of "increased dependence" and "intensified control" of capital on labor.According to the expansion of free time and digital production space,this paper analyzes the changes in the way of capital exploitation,puts forward ideas for resolving contradictions such as "digital communism" and "frictionless capitalism".While paying attention to Marxism,Western scholars try to integrate different schools of theory,but there is still an "instrumental" orientation in the application of specific Marxist theories.Subsequent research should focus on analyzing the development facts of digital capitalism in combination with Marxism,and seek the theoretical growth point of socialist labor-capital relations with Chinese characteristics on the basis of rationally sublating existing Western research.