数字算法时代的量刑公正及其构建

Sentencing Justice and Its Construction in the Era of Digital Algorithm

人工智能量刑为刑事裁判带来诸多变革:一方面提升了量刑工作的效能;另一方面实现了量刑公正的转型。首先,智能量刑系统通过规范量刑标准、优化量刑过程、限制法官自由裁量权等方法实现对量刑公正的技术赋能;其次,在智能量刑时代,量刑公正的类型发生了转变,由原来依靠法官变为依靠法官和智能量刑系统,由重实体公正变为实体公正和程序公正并重,由依靠制度变为依靠制度和技术保证量刑公正;最后,在人机协同模式下,以“并合主义”为量刑指导原则,对算法决策进行合理规制,确保量刑工作的形式正义和实质正义的有机统一,最终实现对量刑公正理念和实践的重塑。

Artificial intelligence sentencing brings many changes to criminal judgment:on the one hand,it improves the efficiency of sentencing;On the other hand,it has realized the transformation of sentencing justice.Specifically,firstly,the intelligent sentencing system realizes the technical empowerment of sentencing justice by standardizing sentencing standards,optimizing sentencing process and limiting judges’ discretion.Secondly,in the era of intelligent sentencing,the types of sentencing justice have changed from relying on judges to both judges and intelligent sentencing system,from focusing on substantive justice to both substantive justice and procedural justice,and from relying on system to both system and technology to ensure sentencing justice.Finally,in the man-machine cooperation mode,taking “merging doctrine” as the guiding principle of sentencing,we can reasonably regulate the algorithm decision-making and ensure the organic unity of formal justice and substantive justice of sentencing,so as to realize the reconstruction of the concept and practice of sentencing justice.