挑战与机遇:论区块链与国际法的关系

Challenges and Opportunities:the Relationship between Blockchain and International Law

仅从蕴含的法理思想以及技术特点考虑,区块链对于国际法的挑战是全方面的,包括对国家主权的系统性消解;强化了国际法的“去中心化”,导致部分现代国际法的执行措施失效,同时赋予其他国际行为体参与国际法事务更大空间;同时,区块链和国际法中的国际商事惯例以及国际软法等还具有相通之处,使区块链机制更具有替代相关国际法秩序的潜力。但是从风险社会理论审视,区块链还不足以影响到国家主权;区块链本身面临着“再中心化”的难题;在全球治理体系之中,区块链所能对接的国际法机制不仅是有限的,而且处于“外围”的位置。总体来看,区块链对于国际法的影响是有限的。但是与此同时,区块链也为国际法提供了新的机遇,可以有效的补强其执行机制,并且解决新疆域治理中的“数据僵局”。

From a perspective of legalization and technology,the impact of blockchain on international law is omnidirectional,including the systematic elimination of state sovereignty,the reinforcement of the"decentralization"of international law,the invalidation of some of the implementation measures of modern international law.In the meanwhile,more rights participating legal affairs are endowed with the bodies of international law.At the same time,similarities also exist in blockchain and international commercial practices and international soft law which is more potential to replace the current international legal order.Nevertheless,from the viewpoint of Risk Society,blockchain is not enough to affect state sovereignty;based on the substantial centralization of international law,it is difficult to recentralise the blockchain.Furthermore,in the global governance system,the international legal mechanisms integrated with blockchain are not only limited,but also in a"peripheral"position.Overall,the blockchain does not significantly influence on international law.In the future,the sound interaction between blockchain and international legal system should be further improved.