北京市丰台区3家社区卫生服务中心护士职业倦怠和压力源的相关性分析

Correlation Analysis of Job Burnout and Stressors Among Nurses in Three Community Health Service Centers in Fengtai District,Beijing

目的探讨北京市丰台区3家社区卫生服务中心护士职业倦怠和压力源的相关性分析。方法于2021年6—10月对北京市丰台区3家社区卫生服务中心的在职护士113名进行问卷调查(一般资料调查表、中文版M氏职业倦怠量表、护士职业压力源量表)。描述被调查社区护士的职业倦怠评分以及分级情况,分析职业倦怠各维度评分同一般资料的相关性,对比职业倦怠评分和M氏常模。描述被调查社区护士的压力源各维度评分及压力源条目得分前10项的情况,分析职业倦怠水平与压力源的相关性。结果被调查社区护士在职业倦怠3个维度的评分分别为(24.35±8.87)分、(8.21±3.74)分、(25.05±7.66)分,3个维度的评分和M氏常模的对比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3个维度达到重度的构成比为35.40%、34.51%、46.02%。职业倦怠中的3个维度的评分同社区护士的年龄、婚姻状况、护理岗位工龄、社区工作年限、职称、聘用形式均具有相关性(P<0.05)。被调查社区护士的压力源各维度评分中,以“护理专业及工作”的评分最高,为(3.48±0.61)分。“护理工作社会地位低下”“工资和其他的福利待遇差”“经常倒班”是被调查护士压力源条目得分前3项。职业倦怠中的3个维度的评分同压力源各个维度之间均具有相关性(P<0.05)。结论北京市丰台区3家社区卫生服务中心护士的职业倦怠感及工作压力均较高,两者之间相互影响。建议有关部门需要尽快采取相应的干预措施,改善社区护士的生理和心理健康问题,缓解压力及职业倦怠,促进社区护理工作的良性发展。

Objective To explore the correlation analysis between job burnout and stressors among nurses in three community health service centers in Fengtai District,Beijing.Methods From June to October 2021,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 113 in-service nurses in 3 community health service centers in Fengtai District,Beijing(General Information Questionnaire,Chinese Version of M's Burnout Scale,Nurse Occupational Stressor Scale).Described the job burnout score and classification of the surveyed community nurses.To analyze the correlation between the scores of each dimension of job burnout and general data.Comparing burnout scores and M's norm.Described the stressor scores of the surveyed community nurses and the top 10 items of stressor item scores.To analyze the correlation between job burnout levels and stressors.Results The scores of the surveyed community nurses in the three dimensions of job burnout were(24.35±8.87)points,(8.21±3.74)points,and(25.05±7.66)points,respectively.The scores of the three dimensions were compared with M's norm,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The composition ratios of the three dimensions reaching severe were 35.40%,34.51%,and 46.02%.The scores of the three dimensions of job burnout were correlated with the community nurses'age,marital status,length of service in nursing positions,community working years,professional title,and employment form(P<0.05).Among the stressor scores of the surveyed community nurses,the score of"nursing profession and work"was the highest(3.48±0.61)points."Low social status of nursing work","poor wages and other benefits",and"frequent shift work"were the top 3 items of the stressor items of the surveyed nurses.There were correlations between the scores of the three dimensions of job burnout and the dimensions of stressors(P<0.05).Conclusion The job burnout and work stress of nurses in the three community health service centers in Fengtai District of Beijing are higher,and the two influence each other.It is suggested that relevant departments should take corresponding intervention measures as soon as possible to improve the physical and mental health problems of community nurses,relieve stress and job burnout,and promote the healthy development of community nursing work.