SWAT模型在浏阳河流域径流模拟中的应用研究

Research on application of SWAT model in runoff simulation of Liuyang river basin

浏阳河是长沙市区、浏阳市和长沙县的重要饮用水源地。浏阳河流域社会经济发展迅速,人类活动对径流影响较大,开展浏阳河流域径流变化研究,可为流域水资源开发利用与保护提供科学依据。应用SWAT模型和SUFI–2算法进行模型参数率定与敏感性分析,模拟浏阳河流域2008–2018年的月尺度径流过程。采用2008–2014年实测月径流数据进行参数率定,2013–2018年实测月径流数据进行模型验证,并在此基础上分析浏阳河流域水文过程的空间差异。结果表明:榔梨站的R^(2)和Ens均达到了较好的标准,率定期分别为0.84和0.76,验证期分别为0.83和0.76,模拟精度较高,表明该模型在浏阳河流域适用性较好。流域降雨量空间上呈现从东部到西部递减的趋势,降雨对浏阳河流域产水量的影响超过下垫面因素,年径流深空间分布与降雨类似,年均蒸散发量与降雨的空间分布格局不同。

The Liuyang River is an important drinking water source for the urban area of Changsha,Liuyang City and Changsha County.The Liuyang River basin has rapid socio-economic development and human activities have a large impact on runoff.A study on runoff changes in the Liuyang River basin can provide a scientific basis for water resources development,utilization and protection in the basin.The SWAT model and the SUFI-2 algorithm were applied for model parameter rate determination and sensitivity analysis to simulate the monthly-scale runoff process in the Liuyang River basin from 2008 to 2018.The measured monthly runoff data from 2008-2014 were used for parameter rate determination,and the measured monthly runoff data from 2013-2018 were used for model validation,on which the spatial differences of hydrological processes in the Liuyang River basin were analysed.The results show that the R^(2) and Ens of Hammerli station have reached a good standard,with the rate period being 0.84 and 0.76 respectively,and the validation period being 0.83 and 0.76 respectively,with high simulation accuracy,indicating that the model has good applicability in the Liuyang River basin.The spatial distribution of annual runoff depth is similar to that of rainfall,and the spatial distribution pattern of average annual evapotranspiration is different from that of rainfall.