多重制度逻辑下公益创投的内卷化机制--基于上海市A区的调查研究

The Involution and Its Institutional Logic of Venture Philanthropy:Based on the Study of District A in Shanghai

公益创投的快速发展并未能有效地培育和促进社会组织成长、提高公共服务水平,反而出现了“内卷化”问题。对上海市A区的调查研究表明,无论是看得见的“增长”,还是难以实现的“发展”,都是公益创投中不同制度逻辑交互作用的结果。科层逻辑和效率逻辑相互嵌入和影响,从正反两个方向主导着公益创投场域,对不同主体的行为选择产生影响;服务逻辑则为科层和效率逻辑让位,仅当与科层、效率逻辑相耦合时才能发挥作用。科层、效率和服务三种制度逻辑的交织与互动导致了公益创投的内卷化,克服内卷化问题的根本出路在于整合多重制度逻辑的优势。为此,政府需通过制度设计鼓励更多的社会参与,社会组织应主动适应政绩期待、整合多方资源、提升专业能力。

The rapid development of venture philanthropy has not effectively promoted the growth of social organization and improved the quality of public services.Meanwhile it has caused the problem of“involution”.The investigation and analysis on the A district in Shanghai showed that,the visible growth and the unrealized development are both the results of the interaction of different institutional logics.The bureaucracy and efficiency logic are embedded and influenced by each other,which dominates the field of venture philanthropy from two directions,and influences the behavior of different subjects in the same field.In the positive control of the bureaucracy logic,the service logic is decoupled from the policy discourse,and the value of the public service is replaced by the rationalized rules;in the reverse control of efficiency logic,the service logic can only play a limited function when coupling with bureaucratic and efficiency logics.The interaction of three kinds of institutional logic leads to the involution of venture philanthropy.Therefore,the fundamental way to overcome the problem of involution is to integrate the advantages of multiple institutional logics.To this end,the government should encourage more social participation through system design.More importantly,social organizations should actively adapt to the expectation of governmental performance,integrate resources from multiple sources,and enhance professional capabilities.