口腔运动干预在气管插管拔管后获得性吞咽障碍患儿中的研究

Oral Motor Intervention in Children With Acquired Dysphagia After Tracheal Intubation

目的探讨口腔运动干预在气管插管拔管后获得性吞咽障碍患儿中的临床应用效果,以期为气管插管拔管后获得性吞咽障碍患儿的临床诊疗提供理论指导及参考借鉴。方法选取2020年6月—2021年3月收治于医院的经口气管插管后存在获得性吞咽障碍患儿60例作为研究对象,严格遵循随机数字表法分为治疗组30例及对照组30例,其中对照组患儿行常规治疗及护理干预,治疗组在对照组的基础上由经过培训合格的专科口腔运动干预团队成员给予口腔运动干预。通过比较两组患儿新生儿口腔运动评估量表评分(neonatal oral-motor assessment scale,NOMAS)、吮奶速率、鼻胃管营养时间、开始经口喂养转换为完全经口喂养的耗时以及住院时长等相关指标的差异,以期系统评估口腔运动干预的临床应用潜力。结果在行相应干预后,治疗组患儿的NOMAS评分为(7.2±1.5)分,对照组患儿NOMAS评分为为(2.8±0.6)分,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其次,与对照组患儿相比,治疗组患儿的鼻胃管营养时间以及开始经口喂养转换为完全经口喂养的耗时显著降低,吮奶速率显著增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论口腔运动干预能显著改善气管插管拔管后获得性吞咽障碍患儿的临床症状,缩短患儿住院时长,具有较大的临床应用价值。

Objective To explore the clinical application effect of oral exercise intervention in children with acquired dysphagia after tracheal intubation and extubation,in order to provide theoretical guidance and reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of children with acquired dysphagia after tracheal intubation and extubation.Methods A total of sixty children with acquired swallowing disorders after otracheal intubation admitted to our hospital from June 2020 to March 2021 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into the treatment group(n=30)and the control group(n=30)according to the random number table strictly,among which the control group was received conventional treatment and nursing intervention.On the basis of the control group,the treatment group was given oral exercise intervention by qualified trained members of the specialized oral exercise intervention team.In order to systematically evaluate the clinical application potential of oral movement intervention,compared the differences of neonatal oral-motor assessment scale(NOMAS)score,lactation rate,nasogastric tube nutrition time,time taken to start the transition from oral feeding to complete oral feeding and length of hospital stay between the two groups.Results After corresponding intervention,the NOMAS score of the treatment group was(7.2±1.5)points,and that of the control group was(2.8±0.6)points,with statistically significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).Secondly,compared with the control group,the duration of nasogastric tube nutrition,the time taken to convert from oral feeding to complete oral feeding in the treatment group were significantly decreased,and the sucking rate was significantly increased,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Oral movement intervention can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of children with acquired dysphagia after endotracheal intubation and extubation,and shorten the length of hospital stay,which has great clinical application value.