婴幼儿尿布性皮炎预防策略的最佳证据总结

Summary of the best evidence summary on prevention strategies for diaper dermatitis in infants

目的·检索、评价和整合预防婴幼儿尿布性皮炎的最佳证据,为减少婴幼儿尿布性皮炎提供循证依据。方法·系统检索BMJ Best Practice、UpToDate、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所网站、苏格兰校级指南网、加拿大安大略护理学会最佳实践指南、澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所循证卫生保健中心数据库、Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness、Cochrane Library、Campbell协作网、医脉通、PubMed、中国生物医学文献数据库、中华护理学会网站、中华医学会儿科学分会网站中有关预防婴幼儿尿布性皮炎的相关证据,包括临床决策、指南、证据总结、系统评价及专家共识。检索年限为建库至2021年6月。由2名研究者对文献质量进行独立评价,同时提取和汇总相关证据。结果·共纳入8篇文献,包括2篇临床决策、1篇证据总结、4篇系统评价、1篇专家共识。共总结了26条证据,内容包括尿布部位的暴露、屏障制剂的应用、清洁、尿布的选择和更换、教育与培训等方面。结论·临床医护人员应在循证依据的基础上结合文化特点、资源配置和患者特征等情况,优化临床预防尿布性皮炎的流程,重视家庭健康教育,以降低婴幼儿尿布性皮炎发生率。

Objective·To search, appraise and retrieve the best evidence on prevention strategies for diaper dermatitis in infants,and provide evidence-based guidance for reducing the diaper dermatitis. Methods·BMJ Best Practice, Up To Date, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, Registered Nurses’ Association of Ontario, Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI) Center of Evidence-Based Healthcare Database, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness, Cochrane Library, Campbell, Medline, Pub Med, Sino Med, Chinese Nursing Association, and Chinese Pediatric Society, Chinese Medical Association were systematacially searched to collect relevant evidence on preventing diaper dermatitis in infants. The evidence including clinical decisions, guidelines, evidence summaries, systematic reviews and expert consensuses published from database construction to June 2021. Two researchers evaluated the quality of the literature, and extracted recommendations and research conclusions from the included literature. Results·Totally 8 articles were involved, including 2 clinical decisions, 1 evidence summary, 4 systematic reviews and 1 expert consensus. Finally, 26 pieces of best evidence about air, barrier, cleaning, diaper and education were summarized. Conclusion·Pediatric professionals should optimize the clinical process to prevent diaper dermatitis,which is on the basis of evidence, cultural characteristics, resource allocation and patient characteristics. Family education is also important, aiming at reducing the incidence rate of diaper dermatitis in infants.