近视相关非编码RNA的研究进展

Research progress of non-coding RNA in myopia

非编码RNA是一类无法借由翻译形成蛋白质的RNA,包括微RNA(microRNA,miRNA)、长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)和环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)等,曾被认为是“转录噪音”。研究发现非编码RNA参与许多人类疾病病理生理过程,包括细胞的增殖、分化、凋亡及胚胎发育等。近年来发现近视患者及近视动物模型的巩膜组织、视网膜色素上皮细胞(retinal pigment epithelium,RPE)、房水组织存在非编码RNA表达谱变化。非编码RNA异常表达可能通过调节巩膜细胞外基质重塑过程、调整脉络膜血流及厚度来影响近视的发生发展。因此,该文围绕非编码RNA在近视领域的研究进展进行综述,以期为近视的诊疗提供全新的方向和思路。

Non-coding RNA is a type of RNA that cannot be translated into protein,which was once considered“transcriptional noise”,including microRNA(miRNA),long non-coding RNA(lncRNA),and circular RNA(circRNA).Research has found that non-coding RNA is involved in the physiological and pathological processes of several human diseases,such as cell proliferation,differentiation,apoptosis,and embryonic development.Recently,it has been considered that the expression profile changes of noncoding RNA in scleral tissue,retinal pigment epithelium cells(RPE),and aqueous humor of myopia patients and myopia animal models.The differential expression of non-coding RNA may contribute to the development of myopia by regulating the scleral extracellular matrix remodeling process,and choroidal blood flow and thickness.Therefore,this article aims to review the research progress in non-coding RNA of myopia to provide new directions and ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of myopia in the future.