“西学东渐”背景下近代成都饮食卫生的变迁

Changes in Chengdu s Food Hygiene in Modern Times Under the Background of“Western Learning Spreading to the East”

近代中国社会,受各种因素所限,饮食不卫生的现象触目可及,从众多西人旅华游记中,可见一斑。随着中西方的交融日渐增多,西方先进的卫生学知识的传入,民众对于“卫生”的理解逐渐发生变化,“饮食卫生”问题成为公共视野下的社会问题。成都由于其地理相对闭塞,受西方影响的节奏比中国沿海开埠城市较慢,但随着“西学东渐”的深入,民国时期的成都市政府也更加重视对饮食公共卫生的管理,将其纳入市政管理的基本内容。文章主要研究了近代成都饮食卫生状况,以及民众关于饮食卫生的知识建构历程。

Restricted by various factors,China used to be characterized by unhygienic diets in the latter half of the 19th century,evidence of which can be seen from many westerners travel notes.With the increased interactions between China and the West,and the introduction of advanced hygiene knowledge from the West,however,Chinese people s understanding of“hygiene”gradually improved.“Food hygiene”caught a lot of public attention.Due to its geographical isolation,Chengdu was slower than coastal port cities in China in receiving the influence of the West.However,in the period of the Republic of China,with the deepening of“western learning spreading to the East”,Chengdu Municipal Government also paid more attention to the management of public health of diet and brought it into the basic contents of municipal management.This paper mainly studies the food hygiene situation of Chengdu in modern times and how the public s knowledge of food hygiene has evolved.