金属熔体/陶瓷间润湿性的测量及调控研究进展

Progress of Measurement and Regulation of Wettability Between Metallic Melt/Ceramic

金属熔体/陶瓷固体的润湿性研究在金属/陶瓷复合材料制备、金属/陶瓷焊接、钢液除杂等领域意义重大。润湿性包括非反应性润湿和反应性润湿,其过程是一种较为复杂且高敏感性的物理化学现象。金属熔体/陶瓷固体体系的润湿性受多种因素的影响,其中,基板表面情况影响接触角迟滞、温度改变熔体表面张力和界面反应、金属熔体中添加活性元素改变液/固界面处的反应种类及程度、气氛环境影响金属熔体表面氧化程度及氧化物稳定性和界面处的反应产物种类。近年来,提出的外加外场可对润湿性产生较大的影响,但作用机制还需深入研究。从润湿过程机制、润湿性表征方法和润湿性影响因素3个方面,综述了金属熔体/陶瓷固体润湿性的实验研究进展,并提出了发展方向。

The wettability of metal melt/ceramic solid is of great significance in the preparation of metal/ceramic composites,metal/ceramic welding and impurity removal of molten steel.Wettability includes non-reactive wettability and reactive wettability,and its process is a complex and highly sensitive physical and chemical phenomenon.The wettability of metal melt/solid ceramic system is influenced by many factors,among them,the substrate surface roughness affects the contact angle hysteresis,the temperature change affects the melt surface tension and interface reaction,the change of active elements in metal melt affects the type and degree of reaction at the liquid/solid interface,atmosphere environmental impact the degree of metal melt surface oxidation and oxidation stability and interface reaction product categories.In recent years,the proposed externa field can have a great influence on wettability,but the action mechanism needs further study.In this paper,the experimental research progress on wettability of metal melt/ceramic solids is reviewed from three aspects:mechanism of wettability process,method of wettability characterization and influencing factors of wettability,and put forward the development direction.