胃癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群及NK细胞受体表达水平分析

Expression of T Lymphocyte Subsets and NK Cell Receptors in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Gastric Cancer

目的:研究胃癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群及NK细胞受体表达水平。方法:将2018年1月-2020年12月江门市中心医院收治的142例胃癌患者纳入本研究,另纳入58例健康体检者作为对照组,使用流式细胞仪检测外周血T淋巴细胞亚群(CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))分布情况和外周血NK细胞受体(NKG2D、NKp30、NKG2A、CD158a)表达情况。结果:胃癌组患者外周血CD3^(+)T细胞、CD4^(+)T细胞、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值较对照组均明显下降(P<0.05),CD8^(+)T细胞比例较对照组则明显升高(P<0.05)^(+)NK细胞活化性受体NKG2D和NKp30表达较对照组均明显下降(P<0.05),抑制性受体NKG2A和CD158a表达较对照组均明显升高(P<0.05)。肿瘤直径≥5 cm、低分化、Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、淋巴结转移、深层浸润的胃癌患者外周血CD3^(+)T细胞、CD4^(+)T细胞、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值、NK细胞活化性受体NKG2D和NKp30表达较肿瘤直径<5 cm、中高分化、Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、无淋巴结转移、无深层浸润均明显下降(P<0.05),CD8^(+)T细胞比例、NK细胞抑制性受体NKG2A和CD158a表达较肿瘤直径<5 cm、中高分化、Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、无淋巴结转移、无深层浸润均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论:胃癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群分布紊乱,外周血NK细胞活化性受体表达降低,抑制性受体表达升高,且与胃癌的发生发展有关,检测胃癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群和NK细胞受体表达有助于评估细胞免疫功能、指导临床治疗和评价预后。

Objective:To study the expression of T lymphocyte subsets and NK cell receptors in peripheral blood of patients with gastric cancer.Method:A total of 142 patients with gastric cancer treated in Jiangmen Central Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were included in this study,and 58 healthy people were included as the control group.The distribution of T lymphocyte subsets (CD8^(+),CD4^(+),CD3^(+),CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)) and the expression of NK cell receptor (NKG2D,NKp30,NKG2A,CD158a) in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry.Result:The peripheral blood CD3^(+)T cells,CD4^(+)T cells and CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)ratio in the gastric cancer group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05),and the proportion of CD8^(+)T cells was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05)^(+)the expressions of NK cell activating receptors NKG2D and NKp30 in peripheral blood of patients with gastric cancer were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05),and the expressions of inhibitory receptors NKG2A and CD158a were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).The expression of CD3^(+)T cells,CD4^(+)T cells,CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)ratio,NKG2D and NKp30 in peripheral blood of gastric cancer patients with tumor diameter ≥5 cm,low differentiation,stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ,lymph node metastasis and deep infiltration were higher than those of tumor diameter <5 cm,medium and high differentiation,stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ,no lymph node metastasis,no deep infiltration were significantly decreased (P<0.05)^(+)the proportion of CD8^(+)T cells and the expression of NK cell suppressor receptor NKG2A and CD158a in peripheral blood of gastric cancer patients with tumor diameter ≥5 cm,low differentiation,stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ,lymph node metastasis and deep infiltration were higher than those of tumor diameter <5 cm,medium and high differentiation,stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ,no lymph node metastasis,no deep infiltration were significantly increased (P<0.05).Conclusion:The distribution of T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of patients with gastric cancer is disordered,the expression of activated receptor and inhibitory receptor of NK cells in peripheral blood is decreased and increased,which is related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer,the detection of T lymphocyte subsets and NK cell receptor expression in peripheral blood of patients with gastric cancer is helpful to evaluate cellular immune function,guide clinical treatment and evaluate prognosis.