含能材料增材制造技术的研究现状与展望

Research Status and Prospect of Additive Manufacturing Technology for Energetic Materials

针对当前含能材料无法满足高新武器装备对多模、异型、梯度渐变装药的迫切需求等问题,含能材料增材制造技术应运而生。首先介绍了增材制造技术的概念、基本原理和技术特点;基于国内外相关研究工作,分别阐述了增材制造技术在火工品、发射药、固体推进剂、混合炸药和铝热剂方向上的应用进展情况;进一步分析了当前该技术研究所面临的基础问题,如适配性配方设计、成型装置及软件开发、安全/质量在线监测等;最后对其未来发展进行了展望,指出要以梯度结构-功能一体化设计思路为原点,发展智能化、跨尺度、极端条件下含能材料4D打印新机理,为威力可调、动力随控型武器装备的发展提供技术支撑。附参考文献135篇。

In view of the current problems that energetic materials cannot meet the urgent needs of high-tech weapons and equipment for multi-mode,special-shaped and gradient charging,additive manufacturing technology for energetic materials is developed.Firstly,the concept,basic principle and technical characteristics of additive manufacturing technology were introduced.Then,the research progress of additive manufacturing technology in energetic materials,including initiating explosive devices,gun propellants,rocket propellants,mixed explosives and thermites,was described respectively based on the related research at home and abroad.The basic problems,such as adaptive formula design,special device/software development,online monitoring of safety/quality,etc.which limited the development of additive manufacturing technology of energetic materials were furtherly analyzed.Finally,the future development of additive manufacturing technology for energetic materials was prospected,and it was pointed out that it was necessary to take the gradient structure-function combining design idea as the starting point,and develop a new mechanism of 4D printing for energetic materials under intelligent,cross-scale and extreme conditions,so as to provide technical support for the development of weapons and equipment with adjustable power and controllable motion.With 135 references.