室内环境感知体验的量化方法综述及应用

A Review and Application of Quantitative Methods for Perceptual Experience in Indoor Environment

建筑室内环境长期影响着人的心理、生理状态,对其感知体验的量化研究是营造优秀的物质空间环境的基石。随着认知科学的长足进步,基于环境心理学与神经科学的交叉发展,环境感知体验的量化方法已成为该领域的发展前沿。论文筛选近十年国内外有关室内环境感知体验量化方法的百余篇文献进行梳理和总结,首先将方法分为主观自我评价量表、行为观察法和神经生理检测法三类,然后将三类量化方法细分为14种量化方法,并根据研究对象和目的的不同,对比分析各种感知体验状态及捕获时长,样本范围及采样难度和数据获取分析难度方面的适用情况,最后建立了针对不同感知体验和空间环境要素的三类量化方法集合,并提出多种方法之间互相验证、补充说明和前后制约的综合应用方式,为深入研究室内环境设计提供方法论基础,加强评估体系指导功能,最终实现环境的可持续发展。

Building indoor environment has a long-term impact on people’s psychological and physiological state,and the quantitative study of its perceptual experience is the cornerstone of building an excellent physical environment.With the great progress of cognitive science,based on the intersection of environmental psychology and neuroscience,the quantitative method of environmental perception experience has become the development frontier in this field.In this paper,more than a hundred domestic and foreign literatures about the quantitative methods of indoor environment perception experience in the past decade were sorted out and summarized.Firstly,the methods were divided into three categories:subjective self-evaluation scale,behavioral observation method and neurophysiological detection method,and then the three categories of quantitative methods were subdivided into 14 kinds of quantitative methods.And according to different research objects and purposes,this paper compares and analyzes various perceptual experience states and capture duration,sample scope and sampling difficulty,and the applicability of data acquisition and analysis.Finally the paper sets up for different perceptual experience and space environment elements in three categories of quantitative methods,and puts forward a comprehensive application method among various methods,including mutual verification,supplementary explanation and pre-and post-restriction,which provides a methodological basis for in-depth study of indoor environment design,strengthens the guiding function of the evaluation system,and ultimately realizes the sustainable development of the environment.