《离骚》中“茝”“芷”二字音义探微

The Meaning of the Two Words“茝(Zhi/Chai)”“芷(Zhi)”in Lisao

《离骚》是《楚辞》中的名篇,其中“茝”“芷”二字在《离骚》中共出现六次。以“茝”“芷”二字在现代大型辞书《汉语大字典》和《汉语大词典》中出现的注音、释义矛盾为研究视角,结合古代文献、字书、辞书、韵书以及本草类书籍,以追溯“茝”“芷”二字读音和释义的时代变迁,对“茝”“芷”二字关系进行综合考证分析。通过文献分析认为:在先秦时期“茝”“芷”二字是不同的字,从汉代开始“茝”“芷”二字逐渐混用、互释。同时,“茝”字的两个读音是在语音演变中被分化而出。

Lisao is a famous piece in Chuci,in which the characters“茝(Zhi/Chai)”“芷(Zhi)”appear six times.From the perspective of research,pronunciation and definition of the characters“茝(Zhi/Chai)”“芷(Zhi)”in the modern large-scale dictionary Chinese Dictionary and Chinese Dictionary.Combining ancient literatures,calligraphy books,dictionaries,rhymes and herbology books,it traced the development and changes in this paper for the pronunciation and definition of“茝(Zhi/Chai)”“芷(Zhi)”,and made a comprehensive textual research and analysis of the relationship between them.It held that“茝(Zhi/Chai)”“芷(Zhi)”were different characters in the Pre-Qin Period.Since the Han Dynasty,these two characters were gradually mixed,and the two pronunciations of them were differentiated in the phonetic evolution.