“学生饮用奶计划”对新疆奶源基地建设的影响

The Influence of the "Student Milk Program" on the Construction of Milk Source Base in Xinjiang

“学生奶饮用计划”已在新疆维吾尔自治区(简称“新疆”)推行了11年,不仅提高了新疆青少年的健康素质,还在引导消费、改善膳食结构、调整和优化农业结构、增加农牧民收入等方面发挥了重要作用。本文通过调查新疆主要学生饮用奶奶源基地的运营、管理、疫病检测、粪污处理等情况,综述了“学生饮用奶计划”实施以来对新疆奶源基地建设的影响:截止到2020年泌乳牛数量增加了243%;平均日单产上涨了17%;平均乳脂率上涨0.15%;平均乳蛋白率上涨0.1%;平均体细胞数下降46.65%;平均菌落总数下降82%;平均耐热芽孢菌数降幅28%;平均嗜冷菌数降幅28%;重金属、抗生素均未检出。

The student milk program has been carried out in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regionfor 11years,which not only improves the health quality of the teenagers,but also plays an important role in guiding consumption,improving the dietary structure,adjusting and optimizing the agricultural structure and increasing the income of farmers. This paper investigated the basic operation,management,disease detection and manure treatment of the main milk source bases in Xinjiang,and analyzed the influence on the construction of milk source bases by this program. The number of lactating cows in participating dairy farms increased by 243%,the average daily yield increased by 17%,the milk fat increased by 0.15%,the milk protein rate increased by 0.1%,the somatic cell number decreased 46.65%,the total number of colonies decreased by 82%,the number of heatresistant spores decreased by 28%,the number of cold-philic bacteria decreased by 28%,heavy metals and antibiotics were not detected.