贵阳岩溶地层地铁盾构隧道工程中新型球状碳化钨刀具的研究与应用

Research and Application of New Spherical Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tools inGuiyang Metro Shield Tunnelling in Karst Strata

在贵阳轨道交通3号线盾构隧道施工中,采用普通刀具易出现滚刀多边形磨损、偏磨、刀刃崩裂等异常磨损和刀圈脱落现象。为改进滚刀刀圈的耐磨、耐冲击性能,提高刀具的综合寿命,提出采用球状碳化钨刀具替换普通刀具,并介绍了激光熔覆焊工艺以及宏观磨损检测工艺。经过施工现场的实际应用,发现球状碳化钨刀具具有更好的耐磨性,新型球状碳化钨刀具平均磨损量为0.00255 mm/延米,相邻普通刀具平均磨损量为0.01655 mm/延米。在第338~736环掘进中,新型球状碳化钨刀具最大磨损量为0.015 mm/延米,刀具无崩刃现象,滚刀轴承、密封等均无异常,有效解决了普通刀具易磨损、磨损不均的问题,为喀斯特地质条件下盾构刀具的选型提供参考。

In the shield tunnelling of Guiyang Rail Transit Line 3,the used ordinary cutting tools were prone to abnor⁃mal wear of cutting tools and falling-off of cutter rings,such as polygonal wear,eccentric wear,and cutting-edge chipping.To improve the capacity of anti-abrasion and impact resistance of disc cutter rings,and increase the overall life of the cutting tools,this paper proposes to use spherical tungsten carbide cutting tools to replace ordinary tools,and introduces the laser cladding welding process and macroscopic wear inspection process.By application of new spherical tungsten carbide cutting tools in actual construction,it is found that the spherical tungsten carbide cutting tool is of better wear resistance with the average wear of 0.00255 mm/linear meter,while the average wear of the or⁃dinary cutting tool is 0.01655 mm/linear meter.In the tunnelling of Ring 338~736,the maximum wear of the new spherical tungsten carbide cutting tools is 0.015 mm/linear meter,without cutting-edge chipping or abnormalities in the disc cutter bearings and seals.It has effectively resolved the problems of ordinary cutting tools such as easy and uneven wear and provides reference for the selection of shield cutting tools in the geological conditions of karst strata.