抽油机皮带松紧度对原油产量与能耗的影响及治理措施

Influence of Belt Tightness of Pumping Unit on Oil Production and Energy Consumption and Treatment Measures

为解决抽油机皮带松紧度带来的原油产量与能耗损失、皮带松紧度调整量化等认识不清的问题,从试验探索、主要影响因素分析、操作标准分析等方面入手开展定量分析与评价,并制定针对性的治理措施。研究得出,皮带过紧与松弛的情况都会出现丢冲次的现象,平均日冲次相差176.44 n,平均日产油相差0.0302 t,平均日能耗损失3.56 kWh;受雨水影响无论皮带松紧度是否合适都会引起丢冲次现象,平均日冲次相差317.25 n,平均日产油相差0.0802 t,平均日能耗损失5.58 kWh,皮带松弛的情况丢冲次最为严重,甚至造成皮带磨损断裂的现场;影响皮带松紧度的主要因素有地下、地面、季节、皮带自身等四大方面14种因素;针对影响因素及现有操作中的不足采取皮带松紧度调整量化、应用电机调整滑轨、举升制度优化等9个方面的措施可有效治理皮带松紧度问题带来的影响。研究成果为低渗透油田原油稳产、降本增效提供新的方向以及有效的技术手段。

In order to solve the unknown problems such as the loss of oil production and energy consumption and the quantification of belt tightness adjustment caused by the belt tightness of pumping units, quantitative analysis and evaluation were carried out from the aspects of experimental exploration, analysis of main influencing factors and operation standard,and the corresponding measures were formulated. The results show that the belt is too tight and the belt is too loose. The average daily punching difference is 176.44 n,the average daily oil production difference is 0.030 20 t,and the average daily energy loss is 3.56 k Wh. Under the influence of rain, no matter whether the belt tightness is appropriate or not, it will cause the phenomenon of lost punching. The average daily punching difference is 317.25 n,the average daily oil difference is 0.08022 t,and the average daily energy consumption loss is 5.58 k Wh. The belt slack is the most serious,and even causes the belt wear and fracture. The main factors affecting the belt tightness are underground, ground, season, belt itself and other four aspects of 14 factors;In view of the influencing factors and the deficiencies in the existing operation, nine measures such as the quantification of belt tightness adjustment, the application of motor to adjust the slide,and the optimization of lifting system can effectively control the influence of belt tightness. The research results provide a new direction and effective technical means for low permeability oil fields to stabilize oil production,reduce cost and increase efficiency.