复杂刃形陶瓷刀具微波烧结技术研究

Study on Microwave Sintering Technology of Complex-shaped Ceramic Tools

利用微波烧结技术实现了复杂刃形陶瓷刀具的高效制备。仿真研究了微波电场和温度场随试样加载方式的变化规律,实验验证了不同试样加载方式对陶瓷刀具致密度、力学性能和微观结构的影响以及复杂槽型陶瓷刀具的切削性能。研究结果表明,多个试样平行横放且处于微波烧结腔中心位置时,试样之间的电场强度均匀、温差小,更有利于多个试样同时达到致密。利用微波烧结技术制备的复杂槽型Al_(2)O_(3)/SiC陶瓷刀具刃形结构完整,具有较好的切削性能。相较于传统平刀面陶瓷刀具,复杂槽型陶瓷刀具的金属去除量提高了近2倍,加工表面粗糙度降低了约33%。基于微波烧结的复杂陶瓷刀具“结构-性能”一体化高效制造技术具有广阔的应用前景。

The complex-shaped ceramic tools were efficiently prepared by microwave sintering.The effects of loading mode of samples on distribution of microwave electric field and temperature field were studied by simulation,and the influences of different loading modes on relative density,mechanics properties and microstructure of samples were studied by experiments.Cutting performances of the complex-shaped ceramic tools were also investigated.The results show that when samples are placed horizontally and at the center of the microwave sintering cavity,the electric fields are uniform and the temperature differences are small,that is beneficial to reach full density simultaneously for several samples.The complex-shaped Al_(2)O_(3)/SiC composite ceramic tools prepared by microwave sintering have the integrated cutting edge and show better cutting performance.Compared with the traditional flat rake face ceramic tools,the material removal of complex-shaped ceramic tools are increased 2 times and the machined surface roughness is decreased by about 33%.“Structure-performance”integrated manufacturing technology of complex-shaped ceramic tools based on microwave sintering has broad application prospects.