基于结构方程和模糊综合法的工程施工质量风险评价

Risk Evaluation of Engineering Construction Quality based on Structural Equation and Fuzzy Comprehensive Method

房屋建筑工程在施工阶段出现了许多的质量问题,严重危害了人民的生命和财产安全。随机统计了297起风险事故,探索工程施工质量风险发生路径,对工程施工质量风险致因理论和影响因素进行了分析,从施工全过程确定了人员、技术、管理、机械、环境和材料因素这六大影响因素,基于此建立了指标体系。选取了473个样本,运用结构方程建模,以调研数据为基础,将理论模型进行拟合检验与评价,对影响因素进行路径分析,验证了影响因素对工程施工质量风险降低具有显著正向作用。利用层次分析法计算各层指标体系的权重,通过模糊评价得到项目总体施工质量风险评分,评分符合实际验证了指标体系的可行性。

Many quality problems appeared during the construction phase of housing construction projects, which seriously endangered people′s lives and property safety. Randomly counted 297 risk accidents, explored the path of project construction quality risks, and conducted corresponding analysis of the theory and influencing factors of project construction quality risks. The personnel, technology,management, machinery, environment and materials factors were determined from the whole construction process. Based on these six major influencing factors, an indicator system has been established. The paper selected 473 samples, used structural equation modeling,based on survey data, performed fitting inspection and evaluation of theoretical models, and conducted path analysis of influencing factors, which verified that influencing factors have a significant positive effect on the risk reduction of project construction quality. The analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the weight of each layer of the index system, and the overall construction quality risk score of the project is obtained through fuzzy evaluation. The score conforms to the actual situation and verifies the feasibility of the index system.