前线与日常:20世纪五六十年代台湾地区战地现代诗歌研究

Frontline and Everyday Life:A Study of the Modern Frontline Poetry in the 1950s and 1960s Taiwan,China

金门、澎湖等地是20世纪五六十年代中国内战与中西冷战的中间地带。金门的前线诗歌,是台湾现代诗的重要组成部分。前线诗人的书写,凸显了金门等战地的前线性,这不仅在于战争的真实性,还在于前线所独具的精神气质、道德姿态、社会批判性和反战意识等。战地诗人赋予前线的意义,部分来自意识形态和战时体制,但诗人却以前线与后方的框架取代了敌我的框架,前线经验由此转化为批判后方社会的资源。前线书写初期不乏对台湾当局政策的迎合,但也蕴含背离其政策的倾向。前线诗人通过诗歌表达他们内心的苦闷、对战争的疏离。诗人的非战心态,除了让诗歌走向抽象式玄想外,也表现为对日常生活的重新发现。诗人对战地日常的发现,以重新肯定生活细节的价值为主,但诗人对当地居民的生活依然感到隔膜,这是前线诗人在重新发现战地日常生活时的局限性所在。

Kinmen and Penghu were the middle ground between the Chinese Civil War and the Cold War between China and the West in the 1950 s and 1960 s.As an important part of Taiwan’s modern poetry,the frontline poetry of Kinmen depicts the war in realistic style and conveys the unique ethos,morality,and social critique on the front lines,as well as the anti-war sentiments.To some extent,the poets’interpretation of the front line was charged with political ideology and conformity to wartime institutions.But these poets moved away from the“enemy vs.ourselves”narrative by adopting a new framework of“the frontline vs.the home front”,which utilized the frontline experiences to criticize the home front.The early frontline poetry might pander to the Taiwan Residents authorities but still displayed a tendency to deviate from the official polices.In writing,the frontline poets express their inner anguish and a critical,detached attitude towards war efforts.The poets’war-resistant mentality marked their poetry with abstract imageries as well as everyday life fragments.Such rediscovery of the everyday life on the frontline reaffirmed the value of mundane life embedded in daily activities.But the poets still felt a sense of distance from the local residents,which eventually limited their efforts to rediscover the everyday life on the frontline.