上海沦陷区的新诗理论探索——以路易士、应寸照、史美钧为个案

On the New Poetry Theory in the Enemy-occupied Areas of Shanghai:A Case Study of Lu Yishi,Ying Cunzhao and Shi Meijun

上海沦陷区不是诗歌的“荒原”,以路易士、应寸照、史美钧为代表的诗论者仍然坚守“诗领土”探索诗歌理论:路易士追求“纯粹的诗歌艺术”,但他的“纯诗”理论存在偏颇与悖论;应寸照承认诗歌的社会功用,试图建立自己的诗歌理论体系,但其理论文章常因缺少具体例证而过于抽象;史美钧在诗歌理论方面的突出贡献是诗人论,对徐志摩、朱湘、王独清、于赓虞、路易士等诗人都进行了专门研究,是沦陷区诗歌理论探索的重要成果之一。路易士、应寸照、史美钧三者的诗学观念存在“理论的张力”,并共同构成了上海沦陷区诗歌理论的复杂场景。

The enemy-occupied areas of Shanghai was not a “wasteland” of poetry. Poets represented by Lu Yishi, Ying Cunzhao and Shi Meijun still adhered to the “territory of poetry”, and explored the poetic theories. Lu Yishi claimed to pursue “pure poetry art”, but his “pure poetry” theory was biased and paradoxical. Different from Lu Yishi, Ying Cunzhao recognized the social function of poetry, and tried to establish his own dialectical system of poetry theory, but his theoretical articles were often abstract due to the lack of specific examples. Shi Meijun’s outstanding contribution to the poetry theory was his theory about poets. Based on specific works, he made accurate reviews on poets such as Xu Zhimo, Zhu Xiang, Wang Duqing, Yu Gengyu, Lu Yishi and so forth. Shi Meijun also showed the consciousness of poetic rules and forms, and he can be regarded as an outstanding representative of the exploration into poetry theories in the enemy-occupied areas. The poetic concepts of Lu Yishi, Ying Cunzhao and Shi Meijun contained a “theoretical tension”, which together constituted the complex picture of the poetry theories in the enemy-occupied areas of Shanghai.