高原低氧环境下心血管系统的适应性改变的研究分析

Study on Adaptation Change of the Cardiovascular System at High Altitude

低氧是高原环境的主要特征,心脏在为了适应该环境出现了适应性改变,其具备适应高原条件下的生理和解剖学特征。现代高原医学研究表明,心血管系统低氧的应激反应能力与海拔高度成正相关,会发生急性高原反应症状,但症状会随着居住时间的延长而下降。长期居住在高原低氧环境下可使心脏细胞形态学发生改变,从而发生高原心脏病、高原红细胞增多症等慢性疾病。目前相关研究对如何在高原地区有效防治心血管疾病的发生,尚未制定统一标准。本综述为高原地区的心血管疾病的预防、诊治提供理论基础。

Low oxygen is the main characteristic of the highland environment.When we live in it,the cardiac cell system exhibits physiological and anatomical characteristics that allow it to adapt to the highland environment,resulting in adaptive change.Research suggests that acute symptoms are on account of hypoxic stress response,which will decline with longer residence.Heart cell morphology can be affected by changes when living in the highland for a long-term period,resulting in chronic diseases such as highland heart disease and highland erythrocytosis.This review may provide a theoretical framework for the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the plateau region,as universal criteria have not yet been developed.