阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的正畸与正颌外科治疗的研究进展

Advances in Orthodontic and Orthognathic Surgical Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypoventilation Syndrome

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)的患病率在2%至4%,又以40~70岁的中老年人多见,这是一种潜在威胁生命的疾病,该综合征的特征是在睡眠期间反复发作完全(呼吸暂停)或部分(低通气)上气道阻塞,导致肺部气流减少。OSAHS可导致严重的打鼾、呼吸暂停低通气和日间嗜睡,引起患者的情绪、婚姻、社交等方面的障碍,很大程度影响了人们的生活质量。大多数OSAHS患者患有颅面畸形,如下颌发育不良和上下颌横向发育畸形。基于口腔矫治器的正畸治疗和正颌外科治疗被认为是治疗OSAHS的有效治疗方法。

The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea-Hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)is between 2%and 4%,and is more common in people aged between 40 and 70.This is a potentially life-threatening illness.The syndrome is characterized by repeated episodes of complete(apnea)or partial(hypopnea)upper airway obstruction during sleep,resulting in reduced airflow in the lungs.OSAHS can cause severe snoring,apnea hypopnea and daytime sleepiness,resulting in emotional,marital,social and other disorders of patients,which greatly affects people’s quality of life.Most patients with OSAHS suffer from malocclusion,such as mandibular dysplasia and lateral mandibular dysplasia.Orthodontic treatment based on oral appliances and orthognathic surgery are considered to be effective treatments for OSAHS.