液体运载火箭推进剂加注对瞄准结果影响分析

Impact Analysis of Liquid Launch Vehicle Propellant Filling on Aiming

目前中国液体运载火箭一般采用地面光学瞄准方法来精确测量其惯性器件的初始方位,为了避免推进剂加注、全箭不水平度变化等可能导致的火箭初始方位改变,射前需要进行多次瞄准操作并逐次修正,占用大量的射前准备时间。针对该问题,采用理论分析和实际测试的方法,根据光学平瞄和斜瞄两种瞄准方式的火箭瞄准数据,分析了推进剂加注前后瞄准数据的变化情况,对于近距离平瞄方式加注前后火箭初始方位角最大变化21″,远小于瞄准偏差允许范围。基于分析结论,提出取消近距离平瞄火箭推进剂加注后瞄准操作、简化发射流程的建议,为无人值守发射的实现奠定基础。

At present,domestic liquid launch vehicles adopt ground optical aiming mode,in order to avoid the change of the initial orientation of the rocket caused by propellant filling and verticality adjustment,multiple aiming operation are required.It even needs continuous monitoring until the launching.Aiming at this problem,using the methods of theoretical analysis and practical test,according to the rocket aiming data of optical horizontal aiming and oblique aiming,the changes of aiming data before and after propellant filling are analyzed.The maximum change is far less than the allowable range.Based on this conclusion,it is proposed to cancel the aiming operation after propellant filling for horizontal aiming rocket,which lays a foundation for unattended launch.