教育部史地教育委员会述论(1940—1943)

On the History and Geography Education Committee of the Ministry of Education,1940-1943

1940年,国民政府教育部鉴于史地教育的重要价值,特设史地教育委员会。史地教育委员会成立后,致力于推动史地教育发展,其工作涉及教学、科研、文化传播等多个领域,并且具有双重指向。一方面,该会聚焦于教育学术环节,旨在修正此前史地教学之积弊;另一方面,该会将史地教育与民族主义思想相结合,借以弘扬爱国精神,动员民众抗战。纵览史地教育委员会,可见其发展教育学术、因应抗战时局的诉求,亦可观照蒋介石的政治意图,乃至了解陈立夫职掌教育部期间的派系问题。史地教育委员会的成立及运作,是政治与学术错综交互的写照,蕴含着抗战时期政治对于教育学术的引导与把控。

In 1940,in view of the important value of history and geography education,the Ministry of Education of the Nationalist Government set up a History and Geography Education Committee.The establishment of the History and Geography Education Committee is committed to promoting the development of history and geography education.Its work involves teaching,scientific research,cultural propaganda,and other fields,and has a dual orientation.On the one hand,the committee focused on the education and academic,aiming to correct the previous teaching problems;on the other hand,the committee will combine history and geography education with nationalist ideology in order to promote patriotism and mobilize the people to resist the Japanese invasion.Overall,the committee developed educational science,responded to the demands of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression,and helped understand Chiang Kai-shek’s political intentions and even the factional issues during the period when Chen Lifu was in charge of the Ministry of Education.The establishment and operation of the History and Geography Education Committee is a portrayal of the intricate interaction between politics and academics and reveals the guidance and control of politics on education and academics during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.