冬小麦新品种石冬0358的选育、特性及应用分析

Breeding,Characteristics,and Application of the New Winter Wheat Variety Shidong 0358

本文研究冬小麦新品种石冬0358的特征特性,为大面积高效丰产推广提供依据和指导。以新疆维吾尔自治区冬小麦区域试验(2015—2016年)和2017年自治区生产示范结果为依据,采用与对照品种相比较的方法,分析小麦品种石冬0358的特征特性和产量构成。在区域试验中,石冬0358 2年平均产量较对照新冬33号增产8.44%;在生产示范中,较对照新冬18号增产9.61%,较新冬33号增产21.27%。石冬0358产量三因素协调,千粒质量稳定性好,穗大粒多,高抗白粉病、叶锈病,抗倒伏。石冬0358具有良好的丰产、稳产和适应性,但分蘖成穗率一般,应适当增加播量。该品种适合在塔城、伊犁、奇台、乌伊公路沿线冬麦区种植。

The current research investigated the characteristics of the new winter wheat variety Shidong 0358, which may provide the guidance for promoting its planting in larger areas to achieve high efficiency and high yield. In the Xinjiang winter wheat regional trial in 2015—2016 and multi-site production demonstration in 2017, the wheat variety Shidong 0358 were evaluated for characteristics and yield components, with Xindong No.18 and Xindong No.33 used as control wheat varieties. In the regional trial, the 2-year average yield of Shidong 0358 was 8.44% higher than that of Xindong No.33. In the production demonstration, its average yield was 9.61%and 21.27% higher than those of Xindong No.18 and Xindong No.33, respectively. Shidong 0358 has large ears and a large grain number per ear, as well as high resistance to powdery mildew, leaf rust, and lodging. Also, it has a high-yielding ability and high yield stability, and strong adaptability. However, it has amoderate number of ear-bearing tillers, so increasing sowing density appropriately is conducive to improving its yield. Shidong 0358 is suitable for planting in winter-wheat producing zones along Chengta, Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Qitai County, and Wuyi Road.