利益衡量下平台企业拒绝数据共享的正当性判断

Justifi cation Analysis of the Platform's Rejection of Data Sharing under the Benefi t Measurement

随着数据资源的开发与利用,拥有大量用户的平台企业成为数据竞争中的强者,其享有的数据相关权益,已在司法实践中予以保护。然而,当平台拒绝与特定经营者共享数据时,却存在阻碍数据流通之嫌,在具体案件中需要法官对其行为的正当性予以回应。在没有直接法律依据的情况下,利益衡量是一种有效的裁判方法。在对案件中涉及平台企业、特定经营者和消费者的直接利益,以及当事人群体和市场竞争间接利益的基础上,采用坚持法定价值、追求经济价值和实现社会价值的“三价值说”作为多方利益衡量的基本原则和检验利益衡量在竞争法领域是否存在恣意性的标准。

With the development and utilization of data resources,platform enterprises with a large number of users have become the strong one in the data competition,and the data-related rights they enjoy have been protected in judicial practice.However,when platform enterprises refuse specific operators to obtain data,there is a suspicion of obstructing the circulation of data.In specific cases,the judge needs to respond to the legitimacy of their behavior.Without a direct legal basis,balance of interests is an effective method of judging.On the basis of cases involving the direct interests of platform enterprises,specific operators and consumers,as well as the indirect interests of the party groups and market competition,adopt the"three values theory"of adhering to legal value,pursuing economic value and realizing social value as the basic principle of multi-interest measurement.It is also the test whether the measure of interest is arbitrary in the fi eld of competition law.