基于M-P雨滴谱的强降雨环境下高速列车雨载荷及气动特性分析

Analysis of rain load and aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed train under heavy rainfall environment based on M-P raindrop size distribution

降雨对高速列车的作用力包括气动力和雨滴对列车的冲击力两部分,以往的研究侧重降雨对高速列车气动特性的影响,本文对这两部分都进行了研究:基于Marshall-Palmer雨滴谱,采用Euler-Lagrange方法建立降雨环境下高速列车空气动力学模型,研究降雨对高速列车流场特性及气动力特性的影响;基于能量守恒方法推导雨滴对列车的冲击力计算公式,分析作用于列车的雨载荷特性。研究表明,车速相同时,头车的纵向雨载荷系数、垂向雨载荷系数、气动阻力系数及气动升力系数均随降雨强度的增大而增大;降雨强度相同时,头车纵向雨载荷系数、垂向雨载荷系数、气动阻力系数及气动升力系数均随车速的增大而减小。

The effect of rainfall on high-speed train includes aerodynamic force and impact force of raindrop. Previous studies focused on the effect of rainfall on aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed train. In this paper, based on Marshall-Palmer raindrop size distribution, Euler-Lagrange method is used to establish the aerodynamic model of high-speed train under rainfall environment, and the influence of rainfall on flow field characteristics and aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed train is studied. Based on the energy conservation method, the formula for calculating the impact force of raindrops on the train is derived, and the characteristics of rain load on the train are analyzed. The results show that when the vehicle speed is the same, the longitudinal rain load coefficient, vertical rain load coefficient, aerodynamic drag coefficient and aerodynamic lift coefficient of the head car increase with the increase of rainfall intensity;When the rainfall intensity is the same, the longitudinal rain load coefficient, vertical rain load coefficient, aerodynamic drag coefficient and aerodynamic lift coefficient of the head car decrease with the increase of vehicle speed.