甜龙竹不同栽培模式对土壤酶活性的影响及其相关因素分析

Effects of Different Cultivation Modes of Dendrocalamus brandisii on Soil Enzyme Activity and Analysis of Its Related Factors

在云南省沧源佤族自治县勐甘村的甜龙竹(Dendrocalamus brandisii)基地,采取5种甜龙竹栽培模式:甜龙竹×核桃(ZH)、甜龙竹×西南桦(CK)、甜龙竹×杉木(ZS)、甜龙竹×古茶树(ZC)和甜龙竹×果树(ZG),研究不同栽培模式对土壤酶活性的影响,并分析土壤酶活性与土壤化学性质的相关关系。结果表明:甜龙竹不同栽培模式不同土层对土壤酶活性具有显著影响,不同栽培模式对甜龙竹土壤酶活性的影响排序为:ZS>ZH>ZG>CK>ZC;土壤酶活性随着土层深度的增加呈逐渐下降趋势,说明表层土的微生物生物量聚集的最多,能释放出较多的酶;土壤酶活性与有机质、有机碳、水解氮、有效磷、速效钾、全氮、全磷、全钾存在显著或极显著相关关系。研究认为,在营造和经营甜龙竹林时,选择与杉木共同栽植可以在一定程度上提高土壤中的酶活性,其中对土壤脂肪酶活性的提高最为明显。

In the Dendrocalamus brandisii base in Menggan Village, Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County, Yunnan Province, 5 cultivation modes of D. brandisii are selected, i.e., D.brandisii × Juglans regia(ZH), D. brandisii × Betula alnoides(CK), D. brandisii × Abies holophylla(ZS), D. brandisii × Camellia sinensis var. assamica(ZC), D. brandisii × Malus pumila(ZG), to study the effects of different cultivation modes on soil enzyme activities and then analyze the relationship between soil enzyme activity and soil chemical properties. The results show that the different cultivation modes of D. brandisii and soil layers have significant effects on soil enzyme activities, which could be ordered as ZS>ZH>ZG>CK>ZC;The soil enzyme activity tends to be decreasing with the increase of soil depth, indicating that the microbial biomass in the topsoil accumulates the most and can release more enzymes;There are significant or extremely significant correlations between soil enzyme activities and organic matter, organic carbon, hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium. The study concludes that co-planting with C. lanceolata in the D. brandisii forest establishment can increase the enzyme activity in soil to a certain extent, especially for the soil lipase activity.