兴边富民行动政策执行的制约因素与破解路径——基于史密斯政策执行过程模型的分析

Limiting Factors in“The Actions to Enrich Border Areas and Their Residents”and Corresponding Countermeasures:An Analysis Based on the Smith-Policy Implementation Process Framework

兴边富民行动作为现阶段我国最重要的边疆治理公共政策和边境建设工程,在我国民族工作和边疆治理体系中具有特殊战略地位。基于史密斯政策执行过程模型,本文构建理论框架从政策本身、执行机构、目标群体和政策环境等方面分析兴边富民行动的政策执行过程,发现兴边富民行动存在政策体系尚未完善、执行主体力量薄弱、扶持对象认知存在偏差、政策执行环境支撑力度不足等制约因素。在新时代加快边疆发展、加强边疆治理的过程中,需要从改进政策设计思路,丰富政策体系内容;提升组织机制层次,加强干部队伍建设;注重打造高素质边民,扩大扶持对象范围;优化市场和政府的动态组合,构建全社会共同参与的行动格局等方面破解困境,以确保兴边富民行动取得更加满意的执行效果。

The actions aimed at enriching border areas and their residents-as the most important public policy affair in border governance and border construction projects in China at the present moment-occupy a special strategic place in ethnic work and the border governance system in China.The implementation of these actions have brought a lot of positive results for the peripheral areas of China,including 1)further consolidating a sense of community for the Chinese nation;2)promoting national unity and progress;3)stimulating economic and social development;4)improving production and living conditions;5)strengthening of the“opening up”strategy,and 6)a more harmonious and stable society in border areas.However,as the policy involves a wide range of areas,it likely will face plenty of difficulties during its implementation.Therefore,different forms of“policy distortion”or“execution obstruction”may pop up which is not conducive to solving all sorts of problems that plague the border areas.This paper tries to construct an analytical framework for the implementation of policy actions to enrich border areas and their residents,based on the Smith-policy implementation process model.It analyzes the policy execution from the aspects of the policy itself,implementation institutions,target groups,and policy environment.The research found:1)the policy procedure related to the“actions to enrich border areas and their residents”still needs a great deal of improvement for there has been no breakthrough in policy design and,moreover,there s a lack of specific policy content;2)the main policy hasn t been forcefully implemented,which is reflected in that organization and implementation mechanisms haven t been sufficiently developed,and the formation of grassroots cadres has been lacking as well;3)the cognition of a supported object is unsatisfactory,which is related to an inadequate overall quality of the supported object,and the promotional activity for the supported object is unreasonable;4)there is insufficient community support for a policy and its implementation,which is reflected in that the“effective market”and the“promising government”have not been organically integrated,and the participation of social partners is not extensive enough,etc.As an all-inclusive border construction project that integrates economy,politics,culture,education,and ecology in China,the“actions to enrich the border and their residents”require us 1)to improve the policy procedure by further perfecting policy design and making the policy content better;2)to boost the forcefulness of policy implementation by upgrading organizational mechanisms and strengthening the training of cadres;3)to enhance the understanding of policy implementation by focusing on cultivating high-quality border people and expanding the range of support objects;4)to optimize the policy implementation setting by optimizing the dynamic combination of market and government,and urge a welcome reception for and participation by all members of society.In this way,the actions to enrich the borders and their residents can get more impact.