贫困农村地区儿童看护人抑郁的影响因素分析

Analysis of the influencing factors of depression among child caregivers in poor rural areas in China

目的探讨贫困农村地区儿童看护人抑郁的影响因素。方法利用儿童早期发展综合项目基线调查资料,对看护人的基本信息进行统计学描述,对影响看护人抑郁状态的因素进行单因素分析,并采用Logistic回归分析各因素与看护人抑郁发生风险的关系。结果在2808名调查对象中,儿童看护人抑郁发生率为39.9%(1121/2808)。调整了居住地区、看护人的性别、民族以及经济状况后,看护人高年龄(OR=1.96,95%CI:1.41~2.73),家中儿童数量多(OR=1.62,95%CI:1.17~2.26;OR=4.39,95%CI:2.39~8.07),儿童大月龄(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.05~1.57)以及有家人酗酒(OR=1.76,95%CI:1.43~2.17)会增加看护人抑郁发生风险;高学历(OR=0.55,95%CI:0.37~0.81)及有医疗保险(OR=0.61,95%CI:0.46~0.83)会降低看护人抑郁发生风险。结论中国贫困农村地区儿童看护人抑郁的发生率高。看护人高年龄、低学历、无医疗保险、家中儿童数量多、儿童大月龄以及家人酗酒均为看护人抑郁高发的危险因素。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of depression among child caregivers in poor rural areas in China.Methods The baseline survey data of the Integrated Early Childhood Development supported by UNICEF China was used in this study.The basic information of the caregivers was described,risk factors were analyzed by univariate analysis,and the relationship between each factor and the occurrence of depression in the caregivers was analyzed by logistics regression.Results Among the 2808 participants,the prevalence of depression among child caregivers was 39.9%(1121/2808).After adjusting for the potential confounders,the logistics regression showed that child caregivers who had higher age(OR=1.96,95%CI:1.41-2.73),whose family had more children(OR=1.62,95%CI:1.17-2.26),older child age(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.05-1.57)and heavy drinking in the home(OR=1.76,95%CI:1.43-2.17)had significantly higher risk of depression.Child caregivers who had higher education(OR=0.55,95%CI:0.37-0.81)and medical insurance(OR=0.61,95%CI:0.46-0.83)had significantly lower risk of depression.Conclusion The prevalence of depression among child caregivers is high in poor rural areas of China.Higher age,lower academic qualification,no medical insurance,higher number of children in the family,higher age of children,and alcohol abuse in the family were all risk factors for high rates of depression among caregivers.