村落少数民族传统体育发展的生态人类学研究——基于云南M村的田野考察

Ecological Anthropology Research on the Development of Village Minority Traditional Sports——Based on Fieldwork in M Village,Yunnan

运用田野调查研究方法,以生态人类学理论为支撑,对云南傣族M村的传统体育傣族武术和打陀螺的生境展开分析。研究发现,无论是自然生态环境还是社会生态环境均对这两个项目的发展产生了影响,只是在不同的时期,对不同的项目产生的影响有所差异。进一步观察认为:“工具”属性决定了传统武术的生命力,“玩具”属性决定了打陀螺的生命力。启示我们,传统体育项目的发展应回归民众的“生活世界”,随着时代发展积极调整期自身功能属性,符合民众生活的需要。

Using field research methods and supported by ecological anthropology theory,this paper analyzes the habitat of traditional sports,Dai martial arts and spinning tops in M Village of Dai ethnic group in Yunnan.The study found that both the natural ecological environment and the social ecological environment had an impact on the development of these two projects,but the impact on different projects was different in different periods.It is further observed that the"tool"attribute determines the vitality of traditional martial arts,and the"toy"attribute determines the vitality of spinning tops.It enlightens us that the development of traditional sports should return to the"life world"of the people,and actively adjust its own functional attributes with the development of the times to meet the needs of people's lives.