高速铁路扣件机械化拆除装备研究

Research on Fastener Mechanized Removal Equipment for High Speed Railway

针对高速铁路换轨施工中扣件拆除工作量大、施工人员多、效率低、安全隐患大等问题,以换轨一体化为基本思路,研发了满足高速铁路换轨需求的扣件机械化拆除装备。该装备由检测定位系统、扣件拆除系统、配件传输系统、动力走行系统等组成,采用伺服控制技术调整扣件螺母力矩,实现扣件作业单元扭矩的精准控制。扣件拆除小车单根轨枕作业时间为20 s,左右对称布置,可同时拆除轨枕两端内外侧的4个扣件。1组作业机构在3 h的天窗内可拆除540根轨枕,作业线路长度达330 m。

Aiming at the problems of heavy workload of fastener removal,many construction personnel,low efficiency and large potential safety hazards in the rail replace construction of high speed railway,taking the integration of rail replace as the basic idea,a fastener mechanized removal equipment was developed to meet the needs of rail replace of high-speed railway.Fastener removal equipment is composed of detection positioning system,fastener removal system,accessory transmission system,power running system,etc.Servo control technology is used to adjust the torque of fastener nut,so as to realize the accurate control of torque of fastener operation unit.The operation time of a single sleeper of the fastener removal trolley is 20 s.The operation device is arranged symmetrically on the left and right,and 4 fasteners on the inner and outer sides of both sleeper ends can be removed at the same time.One group of operation mechanism can remove 540 sleepers in a 3-hour skylight,and the length of the operation line is 330 m.