有机肥配施化肥对柑橘养分吸收及土壤酶活力的影响

Co-application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on nutrient absorption of citrus and activities of soil enzymes

通过开展田间试验研究了有机肥与化肥配合施用对柑橘树体养分吸收及土壤肥力的影响。结果表明,有机肥替代25%化肥及有机肥替代30%化肥处理对柑橘果实具有稳产增产的作用,增产率最高可达9.8%。有机肥替代化肥处理能够满足树体对氮、磷、钾养分的需求,而且还可以增加柑橘树体对部分中微量元素的吸收。两个有机肥替代化肥的处理土壤pH值、有机质含量均得到显著提高,平均提高幅度分别为7.7%、12.4%。有机肥替代化肥处理土壤脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、纤维素酶及脱氢酶活力均有显著提升。本研究中,连续2年的有机肥与化肥配合施用不但降低了30%的化学肥料用量,而且对柑橘还具有稳产增产作用以及对土壤肥力具有提升作用。综合效果来看,以有机肥替代30%化肥的处理为最佳。

The effects of co-application of organic and chemical fertilizers on nutrient uptake and soil fertility of citrus trees were studied through field experiment.Results showed that the yields of citrus were increased by the treatments of 25%or 30%of chemical fertilizers substituted with organic fertilizers,and the highest increment rate was 9.8%.The treatments of chemical fertilizers partly substituted with organic fertilizers could meet the demand of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,and could also increase the absorption of medium and trace elements in citrus.The soil pH and organic matter were all significantly increased by the two treatments of chemical fertilizers partly substituted with organic fertilizers,and the average increment rate were 7.7%and 12.4%,respectively.In addition,chemical fertilizers partly substituted with organic fertilizers significantly increased the activities of urease,acid phosphatase,catalase,sucrase,cellulase and dehydrogenase in soil.The combination of organic and chemical fertilizers for two consecutive years not only reduced 30%of chemical fertilizers application,but also improved citrus yield and soil fertility.Overall,the treatment of 30%chemical fertilizer substituted with organic fertilizer is the best.