现蕾期叶面喷施生长调节剂对紫云英生长发育及种子产量的影响

Effects of foliar spraying with growth regulator on growth and seed yield of Chinese milk vetch(Astragalus sinicus L.)

为探讨叶面喷施生长调节剂对紫云英生长发育及种子产量的调控效应,以信紫1号为供试材料,研究喷施多效唑(PP_(333))、6-苄氨基腺嘌呤(6-BA)、芸苔素内酯(BR)、海藻酸钠寡糖(AOS)和复合营养制剂(NCD)对紫云英生长发育及种子产量的影响。结果表明,与喷施清水对照相比,PP_(333)处理可显著抑制紫云英株高,PP_(333)、BR和NCD处理可显著促进茎粗、单株分枝数、单株重和SPAD值的增加。分析产量构成发现,PP_(333)、6-BA、NCD处理的单荚籽粒数较对照分别提高29.11%、21.52%、30.06%,与对照差异显著,而BR、AOS处理单英籽粒数与对照差异不显著;BR、AOS、NCD处理的千粒重较对照分别显著提高30.77%、21.05%、32.79%,而PP_(333)、6-BA处理千粒重与对照差异不显著;各喷施处理的荚数均显著高于对照;NCD、PP_(333)、BR、6-BA、AOS处理种子产量均显著高于对照,较对照分别提高29.73%、22.02%、19.02%、10.52%、10.01%,以NCD处理产量最高,达601.37 kg/hm^(2)。综上,在现蕾期叶面喷施生长调节剂可显著促进紫云英种子产量的增加,以NCD作用效果最优。PP_(333)、6-BA主要通过提高荚数和单荚籽粒数提高其种子产量,BR、AOS主要通过提高荚数和千粒重提高其种子产量,NCD则可通过提高荚数、单荚籽粒数和千粒重三因素来提高最终种子产量。

In order to study the regulation effect of foliar spraying with growth regulator on seed yield of Chinese milk vetch,using“Xinzi1”as test material,foliar spraying with paclobutrazol(PP_(333)),6-benzylaminopurine(6-BA),brassinolide(BR),alginate oligosaccharides(AOS)and compound(NCD)was performed at the squaring stage,while spraying clear water was used as the control.The results showed that compared with the control of spraying clear water,treatment with PP_(333) significantly inhibited the plant height,while treatment with PP_(333),BR and NCD significantly promoted the increase of stem diameter,branch number,plant weight and SPAD.Analysis of yield composition showed that,the seed number was significantly increased by 29.11%,21.52%and 30.06%when spraying with PP_(333),6-BA and NCD,respectively,compared with that of the control.However,the seed number of BR and AOS treatments was not significantly different from that of the control.The 1000-seed weight was significantly increased by 30.77%,21.05%and 32.79%when spraying with BR,AOS and NCD,respectively,compared with that of the control.However,the 1000-seed weight of PP_(333) and 6-BA treatments was not significantly different from that of the control.The pod numbers of all sprayed with growth regulators treatments were significantly higher than that of the control.The seed yields under NCD,PP_(333),BR,6-BA and AOS treatments were significantly higher than that of the control,with increases of 29.73%,22.02%,19.02%,10.52%and 10.01%,respectively.The seed yield under NCD treatment was the highest,reaching 601.37 kg/hm^(2).In conclusion,foliar spraying with growth regulator at squaring stage could significantly promote the increase of seed yield,and the NCD treatment had the best effect.The seed yield of PP_(333) and 6-BA treatments increased mainly by increasing pod number and seed number,that of the BR and AOS treatments increased mainly by increasing pod number and 1000-seed weight,and NCD increased final seed yield by increasing pod number,seed number and 1000-seed weight.