新时期乡村可持续性评价及影响因素分析——以湖南洞庭湖区为例

Evaluation of Rural Sustainability and Analysis of Influencing Factors in the New Era:Taking the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province as an Example

本文基于乡村可持续性内涵,从农业生产、农村环境、农民生活3个方面,构建乡村可持续性评价的理论框架,以典型平湖农区洞庭湖区为例,对2010年和2018年的乡村可持续性进行评价,分析其动态变化特征,解释其空间格局差异及影响因素,研究结果显示:洞庭湖区乡村可持续性整体呈上升趋势,尤其是农村可持续性指数和农民可持续性指数提升明显;其乡村可持续性具有明显的空间异质性,受城市化水平、地方财政收入、地质灾害、农村机械化水平和第二、三产业等因素的影响,呈现出由“中部低-外围高”向“西南低-东部高”转变趋势。

Based on the connotation of rural sustainability,this paper constructed the theoretical framework of rural sustainability evaluation from three aspects:agricultural production,rural environment and farmers'life.Taking Dongting Lake area,a typical Pinghu agricultural area,as an example,this paper evaluated the rural sustainability in 2010 and 2018,analyzed its dynamic change characteristics,and explained its spatial pattern differences as well as influencing factors.The results show that the overall rural sustainability in Dongting Lake area presents an upward trend,especially for the rural sustainability index and farmers'sustainability index.The rural sustainability has obvious spatial heterogeneity,which is affected by the urbanization level,local fiscal revenue,geological disasters,rural mechanization level,secondary and tertiary industries and other factors,the rural sustainability shows a transformation trend from“low in the middle-high in the periphery”to“low in the southwest-high in the East”.