面向乡村振兴的淘宝村发展转型及其现代化治理框架探索

Developmental Transformation and Modern Governance Framework of Taobao Village Towards Rural Revitalization

基于实现乡村振兴的产业及治理要素,分析了广州市城郊典型淘宝村的演变过程、驱动机制及其乡村治理逻辑,构建起面向乡村振兴并与淘宝村发展相适应的现代化治理框架。研究发现:(1)经济社会的多重效应对淘宝村的持续发展起着关键作用,包括产业集聚的空间效应、基础设施配套的规模效应、行业协会的组织效应以及专业群体的人才效应等。随着数字经济的发展,淘宝村凭借自身产业基础与地方商业氛围开始从传统电商向直播电商转变。(2)大源淘宝村先后经历了治理失序、初步整治和重点整治3个过程,并在基层党组织建设、地方经济发展以及跨地方文化融合的政治、经济和文化的治理逻辑下实现乡村地域的有效治理。(3)面向乡村振兴的现代化治理框架是地方经济发展与治理逻辑的契合,在治理主体多元化、治理对象全面化、治理方式规制化、治理过程理性化、组织结构体系化以及治理能力现代化的过程中实现乡村多要素的振兴。

The development of the digital economy has accelerated the transformation of rural industries.Taobao villages with e-commerce as the core continue to emerge and become an important pathway for rural development and revitalization.This paper takes the industry and governance of rural revitalization as the breakthrough point,focuses on the development and transformation of Taobao village and its modern governance system.We analyze the evolution process,driving mechanism and rural governance logic of typical Taobao villages in the suburbs of Guangzhou,and explore the construction of a modern governance framework oriented to rural revitalization and compatible with the development of Taobao villages.The results are as follows.①The prosperity of Dayuan village originated from the spatial transfer of Taobao industry in the surrounding areas.The superior geographical location of the village,low land rent and developed logistics and transportation are the main factors that attract a large number of Taobao e-commerce practitioners.Multiple economic and social effects play a key role in the sustainable development of Taobao village,including the spatial effect of industrial agglomeration,the scale effect of supporting infrastructure,the organizational effect of industry associations,and the talent effect of professional groups.Driven by marketization,Dayuan village has gradually shifted from traditional e-commerce to live e-commerce based on its own e-commerce foundation and local business atmosphere.②With the development of the rural Taobao e-commerce economy,the governance of Dayuan village has experienced three processes:disorderly governance,preliminary rectification,and key rectification.Through the construction of basic party organizations,the promotion of local economic development,and the integration of cross-local cultures,the governance logic of politics,economy,and culture is integrated to realize the multiple co-governance and co-construction and sharing of rural areas.③The modern governance framework for rural revitalization is the fit of local economic development and governance logic,and is in the process of diversification of governance entities,comprehensive governance objects,regulation of governance methods,rationalization of governance processes,systematization of organizational structures,and modernization of governance capabilities.The revitalization of rural industries,talents,ecology,organization and culture is finally realized.