检察听证制度实践的审视与完善

Examination and Perfection of the Practice of Procuratorial Hearing System

检察听证制度大致经历了建立、多领域发展和创新发展三个重要阶段,现已上升到检察业务整体层面,成为新时代检察机关转变司法理念、改进办案方式、接受外部监督的重要载体。检察听证的功能是一个完整体系,包含了政策、司法和社会治理三个层面的重要内容:在政策层面为检察环节落实“全过程人民民主”提供技术性供给;在司法层面有助于检察环节实现司法定分止争的基本功能;在社会治理层面助推国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。近两年来的检察听证实践为检察环节推进诉源治理提供了宝贵经验,但是,也存在功能定位模糊、缺乏明确法律依据、主持人规则设计不合理、听证员选用规则不完善等突出问题。加强和改进新时代检察听证工作,必须明确检察听证的初始功能,并进一步完善相关工作机制和制度。

Procuratorial hearing has gone through three important stages:establishment,multi-field development,and innovative development.Now it has risen to the level of procuratorial business as a whole and become an important carrier for procuratorial organs to change their judicial concept,improve the way of handling cases,and accept external supervision in the new era.The function of the prosecution hearing is a complete system including the important content of three levels:at the policy level,it provides technical support for the implementation of the“whole process of people’s democracy”in the prosecution process;at the judicial level,it helps the prosecution fulfill the basic function of a judicial determination;at the level of social governance,it contributes to the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity.The practice of procuratorial hearings in the past two years has provided valuable experience in promoting the governance of sources of litigation,but there are also some prominent problems,such as ambiguous functional positioning,the lack of clear legal basis,unreasonable design of the rules of the presiding officer,imperfect rules for the selection of hearing officers and so on.To strengthen and improve procuratorial hearing work in the new era,it is necessary to clarify the initial function of procuratorial hearing and further improve the relevant working mechanism and system.