王夫之对传统忠孝伦理下君臣关系的消解与重构

Wang Fuzhi's Digestion and Construction of the Relationship Between Kings and Ministers Under the Traditional Ethics of Loyalty and Filial Piety

建立在家族制农业经济组织基础上的中国古代君主专制主义的政治上层建筑和意识形态,是父权家长制和家族伦理的扩大和延伸。王夫之摒弃以君主为核心的私忠,重新构建以国家、民族为前提的公忠,从而动摇了君主家天下的伦理基础,而且提出“家国殊等”“环相而治”“虚君共和”的新型君臣伦理形态。王夫之将政治从传统伦理中剥离,成为中国古代伦理政治观转变的标志性人物。

The political superstructure and ideology of ancient Chinese autocratic monarchy,based on family agricultural economic organizations,is the expansion and extension of paternalism and family ethics.Wang Fuzhi abandoned the private loyalty with the monarch as the core,and rebuilt the public loyalty based on the country and the nation,thus shaking the ethical basis of the monarch and the world,and put forward the new ethical form of“inheriting the monarch”,“ring each other”and“virtual king and republic”.Wang Fuzhi's thought stripped politics from traditional ethics and became a landmark figure in the transformation of ethical and political views in ancient China.